Tank of large diameter.



P. FORCHHEIMER. TANKAOF LARGE DIAMETER.

APPLIOATION FILED JUNE s, 1909.

Patented Jan. 9, 1912.

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PHILIP? FORCHHEIMER, OF GRATZ, AUSTRIA-HUNGARY, ASSIGNOR TO THE FIRM OFBERLIN-ANHALTISCI-IE MASCHINENBAU-ACTIEN-GESELLSCHAFT, OF BERLIN, GER-MANY.

TANK or LARGE DIAMETER.

Speeication of Letters Patent.

Patented Jan. 9,1912.

Application filed .Tune 8, 1909. Serial No. 500,947.

To all whom tt may concern:

Be it .known that I, PHILIPP F oRoH- HEIMER, a citizen of the Empire ofAustria- Hungary, and residing at Gratz, Duchy of Styria,vAustria-Hungary, have invented certain new and useful Improvements inTanks of Large Diameter, of which vthe following is a specification.

This invention relates to tanks of large diameter, more particularlythose intended for liquids or fluids. Hitherto the walls of such tankshave been formed of comparatively thick sheet `-metal to prevent changesin the form of the tank in consequence of the severe strains caused bythe pressure of the fluid. For this reason the use of large tanks havingsheet iron walls is limited, seeing that after a certain thickness thesheet iron plates cannot satisfactorily be joined and riveted.

The object of this invention is to reduce the thickness of the walls bythe particular formation of the lower part of such tanks, therebyenabling the construction of tanks' of very large diameter to bereadily. accomplished.

According to this invention, the outer cylindrical wall of the tankbears against the vertical portion of a ferro-concrete ring of angularcross-section, the floor of the tank being in contact: with thehorizontal portion of the ring which thus serves as a foundation orsupport for an annular part thereof, the strain exerted by the fluidupon this horizontal member being equal to or greater than the pressureexerted upon the vertical portion of the angular ring. Theferro-concrete ring, in combination with the lower edge of the tankwhich bears against it, maybe regarded as one body formed of angularlevers placed beside each other in a circle and connected together.Since the pressure of the Huid in a horizontal or outward directiontends to turn each angle lever. outward about the vertex, and thevertical or downward pressure of the fluid acts in opposition to thisturning movement, the horizontal arms of the angle levers are made ofsuch dimensions that the resultant of the force acting upon them and ofthe outward force acting upon the vertical arms, passes through thevertex of the angle or through the horizontal arm. An outward tilting ofconstruction of tank the sheet iron walls `may be of less thickness,seeing that in tne horizontal direction they have only to take up afraction of the pressure of the fluid, whereas they resist verticalmoments of resistance in combination with the ring of ferro-concrete incontact with them, the consequence being that there are practically onlytensile strains in the vertical direction 1n the sheet iron walls, evenin the event of any deliection occurring.

The tank according to this invention has the advantage that no separatefoundation 1s required, seeing that the horizontal portion of the anglering surrounding the lower portion of the sheet iron walls is embedded1n the bottom of the tank, a'nd serves at the same time as a foundation.

In the accompanying drawings which show a construction of gas-holdertank according to this invention, Figure l is a vertical longitudinalsection through the lower portion of the tank, Fig. 2 is a verticalsection of the bottom part on a larger scale, Figr is a section on line3--3 of Fig. 2, Fig. 4f is a section on line lL- of Fig. 2, Fig. 5 is avperspective view of ya member for connecting the sheet iron walls tothe angle ring of ferro-concrete, Fig. 6 shows the odge portion ofanother form of tank or holder in vertical section, Fig. 7 is ahorizontal section of the lower part of another modified construction ofgas-holder tank and Fig. S is an enlarged detail vertical section of aportion of the tank shown in Fig. 2.

In the tank shown in Fig. 1 which may be, by way of example, 74 metersin diameter and about 13 meters high, the cylindrical wall l is composedof sheets which increase in thickness toward the bottom, and sheets ofless thickness are-joined to these sheets at the lower portion of thewall. The lower sheets of the wall l are rigidly connected to the sheetiron bottom 3 of the tank by means of comparatively light angle ironrings 2. This. tank made of sheet iron is inserted into an angle ring offerro-concrete. The horizontal part 5 of this ring having the form of arigid body is embedded in the floor l and rigidly connected to thevertical part 6 upper part 8 consists of concrete, which is ISO simplyreinforced by layers or strips of iron to take up any annular tensilestrain that may arise in this portion. These inner strips of ironcomprise individual ring segments 9, the ends 1,0: of which are bent,and which, without further fastening means, are placed horizontally intothe mass of concrete in such a manner that they partly overlap eachother, as may be seen 1n Fig. 3. Similar-iron strips are preferably alsoprovided in the lower ring portion 7, and in the horizontal ring portion5.

The sheet iron wall 1 is connected with the Vertical part 6 of the ironconcrete ring by vertical projections extending into the mass ofconcrete and comprising angle irons 11, secured at certain intervals tothe outer circumference of the wall 1 so as to be parallel, or nearlyparallel, with the axis of the tank, and also round-edged iron members12 lor thellike, arranged crosswise, preferably in the lower ringportion 7, and suitably connected to the angle irons 11. The projectionsextending into vthe concrete of the vertical portion 6 of the angularring prevent the dlsplacement of the wall relatively -to the port-ion 6in the event of its expanding owing to the pressure of the Huid, theinner layers of iron 9 taking up the annular tensile strains whicharise, while the round- 'edged irons 12, placed cross-wise, and theangle irons 11 intimately connect the concrete body with the wall 1 tosuch an extent that they conjointly take up the bending strain in theradial planes. j

To insure a safe connection between the wall l and the concrete ring,additional angle members are preferably secured between the angle irons11 to the wall 1, the points of which are directed downward, as may beseen in Fig. 5. These angle pieces, when embedded in the concrete,resist deflection, and, owing to their special arrangement, prevent theformation of hollow spaces as the concrete is being rammed down.

The angle members 13 are preferably of V- cross-section and providedwith arms 14 at their inner ends whereby they are safely fastened to thewall 1. These arms pass through corresponding holes in the wall 1, andtheir projecting ends are riveted over. It is preferable to secure uponthe under side of the sheet iron bottom 3 of the tank, radial angleirons 15 extending to the outer circumference of the angle ring,roundedged irons 16 again being fixed to the latter, projecting into theconcrete of the horizontal portion 5 of the ring, which, conjointly withthe bottom sheet, take up the tensile strains in part 5. The foot of theangle ring of concrete 5, 6 may also be T- shaped, as is shown in Fig. 6of the drawings if desired and further, the horizontal portion 5 may beprovided on its outer surface at certain intervals with projections 17,which maybe formed as buttresses, as shown in Fig. 7. A

I claim as my invention 1. In a tank of relatively large diameter, thecombination of an upright sheet metal wall and aI horizontal base, of aferro-concrete angle ring 'having a vertical arm closely embracing thelower'portion of the upright wall, and a horizontal arm connected withand arranged to support the peripheral portion of the base, and afoundation into which said angle ring extends, said foundation being inengagement with the vertical and horizontal; arms of said ring.

2. Ina tank `of relatively large. diameter the combinationwith anupright sheet metal wall and horizontal base, of a ferro-concrete anglering. havinga vertical arm closely em# bracing the lower portion of thevertical wall and 'a horizontal arm arranged to support the peripheralportion of the base and vertical projections of substantially V-shapeextending from said vertical wall into the vertical portion of theferro-concrete ring, the said V-shaped projections vhaving their pointsdirected downwardly.

3. In a tank of relatively large diameter, the combination with anupright sheet metal wall and horizontal base, of; a ferro-concrete anglering having a vertical arm closely em- PHILIPP FORCHHEIMER.

Witnesses:

RoBER'r W. HEINGARTNER, AUGUST FUGGER.

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